Analyze and comment on the following.Analyze and comment on the

Analyze and comment on the following.Analyze and comment on the following two pairs of sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates:[a]Trees surround the water near our summer place.[b]Old elms surround the lake near our summer cabin.[a]I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.[b]I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of Senator Buckley.
【正确答案】：

JUDGING TWO PAIRS IN TERMS OF SUPERORDINATES AND SUBORDINATES, IT IS EASY TO SEE THAT SENTENCE [B] IS BETTER THAN SENTENCE [A] IN EACH PAIR, BECAUSE IN [B] THE WRITER USES SUBORDINATES, WHICH ARE CONCRETE AND PRECISE, PRESENTING A VIVID VERBAL PICTURE BEFORE THE READER WHEREAS IN [A] THE WORDS USED ARE SUPERORDINATES, WHICH CONVEY ONLY A GENERAL AND VAGUE IDEA. 

【题目解析】：就上义词和下义词而言，来判断两组句子。很容易看出每组中的句子[b]比句子[a]都好。因为在句子[b]中，作者使用的是具体而精确的下义词，在读者面前呈现出生动的言语画面，而在句子[a]中，所用的词是上义词，它只传达了一般的模糊的想法。