Which enjoys priority in modern linguistics, speech or writing？

Which enjoys priority in modern linguistics, speech or writing？ Why？
【正确答案】：I） Modern linguistics gives priority to the spoken form of language, which is considered as more basic tian the written form for a manner of reasons
2） First, in any human: society we know of. speech precedes writing. The writing systern any language is always a later invention, used to record the speech
3）While quite a number of languages in the world today have both spoken and writer : forms here are still many languages that have only the spoken form
4）And then in terms of function. the spoken language is used for a wider range of purposes than the written, and carries a Iarger load of communication than the written
评分标准：1）和3）名占2分，2）和4）各占3分；解释不当，酌情扣分