Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and

Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.What are the types of antonyms? Explain the types of antonyms with the following example words:sell/buy, same/different, old/young.
【正确答案】:

ANTONYMS CAN BE DEFINED AS WORDS WHICH ARE OPPOSITE IN MEANING.  THEY CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO THREE MAJOR GROUPS:CONTRADICTORY TERMS;CONTRARY TERMS;RELATIVE TERMS. 

1.RELATIVE TERMS: CONSISTS OF RELATIONAL OPPOSITES SUCH AS SELL/BUY. SUCH PAIRS OF WORDS INDICATE SUCH A RECIPROCAL SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP THAT ONE OF THEM CANNOT BE USED WITHOUT SUGGESTING THE OTHER.

2.CONTRADICTORY TERMS: THEY ARE SO OPPOSED TO EACH OTHER THAT THEY ARE MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE AND ADMIT NO POSSIBILITY BETWEEN THEM, SUCH AS SAME/DIFFERENT. ONE THING IS EITHER SAME OR DIFFERENT, AND THERE EXISTS NO SUCH A CASE WHERE THE THING IS BOTH SAME AND DIFFERENT.

3.CONTRARY TERMS ARE BEST VIEWED IN TERMS OF A SCALE RUNNING BETWEEN TWO POLES OR EXTREMES, SUCH AS OLD/YOUNG.  


【题目解析】:反义词可以定义为意义相反的词。他们可以分为三大组:矛盾反义词、对立反义词和关系反义词。1.关系反义词:由诸如:卖/买等关系对立词组成。这样的词组表明了这样一种互惠的社会关系,以至于其中之一在使用时不能不暗示另一个。2.矛盾反义词:它们彼此对立,相互排斥,彼此之间不允许有任何可能性,比如:相同/不同。一样东西可以是相同或不同的(只有一种可能性),但不存在这样的情况——事物既相同又不同。3.对立反义词:最好用两个极点或极点(如:老/年轻)之间的比例来衡量。就好比老的和年轻的,是老还是年轻的需要衡量得出。