【正确答案】：
THE IMPACT OF DARWIN'S EVOLUTIONARY THEORY ON THE AMERICAN THOUGHT AND THE INFLUENCE OF THE 19TH CENTURY FRENCH LITERATURE ON THE AMERICAN MEN OF LETTERS GAVE RISE TO YET ANOTHER SCHOOL OF REALISM: AMERICAN NATURALISM. DARWIN, IN HIS THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES (1859) AND DESCENT OF MAN (1871), HYPOTHESIZED THAT OVER THE MILLENNIA MAN HAD EVOLVED FROM LOWER FORMS OF LIFE. THE AMERICAN NATURALISTS ACCEPTED THE MORE NEGATIVE IMPLICATIONS OF THIS THEORY AND USED IT TO ACCOUNT FOR THE BEHAVIOR OF THOSE CHARACTERS IN LITERARY WORKS WHO WERE CONCEIVED AS MORE OR LESS COMPLEX COMBINATIONS OF INHERITED ATTRIBUTES, THEIR HABITS CONDITIONED BY SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FORCES.
【题目解析】：达尔文进化论对美国思想的影响，以及19世纪法国文学对美国文人的影响，催生了另一种现实主义流派:美国自然主义。达尔文在他的《物种起源》(1859年)和《人类起源》(1871年)中假设，在过去的几千年里，人类是从较低级的生命形式进化而来的。美国博物学家接受了这一理论更为消极的含义，并利用它来解释文学作品中那些人物的行为，这些人物或多或少被认为是遗传属性的复杂组合，他们的习惯受到社会和经济力量的制约。