Learning Strategies
【正确答案】：Learning strategies are the techniques used by learners for remembering and organizing samples of the target language. There are four main classes of learning strategy：
1) Cognitive strategies, involving the manipulation or transformation of the learning materials (e.g. repetition, summarizing, using images);
2) Metacognitive strategies, involving higher-order strategies aimed at analyzing, monitoring, evaluating, planning, and organizing one's own learning processes;
3) Social strategies, involving interpersonal behaviors aimed at increasing the amount of the target language communication and practice the learner undertakes (e.g. initiating interaction with native speakers, cooperating with peers);
4) Affective strategies, involving taking control of the emotional conditions and experiences that shape one's subjective involvement in learning.
