Illustrate the relationship between phone, phoneme and allophone

Illustrate the relationship between phone, phoneme and allophone.
【正确答案】：(1 ) Phone refers to a basic unit of phonetic study, and it is a minimal sound segment that human speech organs can produce. For example, when we hear the following words pronounced: [ pɪt ] , [ tɪp ] ,[ spɪt] , the similar phones we have heard are [ p] for one thing, and three different [p]s, readily making possible the “narrow transcription or diacritics". Phones may and may not distinguish meaning.
(2) Phoneme is a basic unit of phonological study, and it is an abstract collection of phonetic features which can distinguish meaning. As an abstract unit, a phoneme is not any particular sound, but rather it is represented or realized by a certain phone in a certain phonetic context. For example, the phoneme /p/ is represented differently in [ pɪt ] , [ tɪp ] ,[ spɪt] .
(3 ) The different realization of the same phoneme in different phonetic environment are called allophones. The difference of the phones is not big enough to make one word so phonetically different as to create a new word or a new meaning. So the different [p]s in the above words are the allophones of the same phoneme /p/.